Military navigation satellite. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). Launch vehicle put payload into geosynchronous transfer orbit with GCS trajectory option. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 278 .

First Small Explorer mission; Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Covered Oko constellation plane 5 - 75 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 100 .

Inspected gyrodyne orientation flywheels. References: 66 .

Stationed at 7 deg E. References: 2 , 5 , 6 .

Stationed at 74 deg E; also performed communications functions. INSAT-2A is a multi-purpose satellite, and it will provide the following services: Domestic long-distance telecommunications, meteorological earth observation and data collection services, direct satellite TV broadcasting to community TV receivers in rura l and remote areas, radio and TV progamme distribution, and Satellite Aided Search and Rescue services. Geostationary longitude 74 +/0 0.1 deg E. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 105 .

Test flight of new Gonets commercial communication system. Investigation of outer space. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Test flight of new Gonets commercial communication system. Investigation of outer space. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Stationed at 349 deg E. Development of the communications and television broadcasting system. Launched in the interests of the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 67 , 111 , 274 .

High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 1 , 2 , 6 , 179 .

Diffuse Ultraviolet Explorer package bolted to Delta 2 2nd stage. References: 279 .

Measured magnetosphere and Earth's geomagnetic tail. To investigate the structure and dynamics of the geomagnetic tail that extends on the nightside of the Earth. Launch time 1426 GMT. Launching states Japan and the United States of America. Launching organization NASA. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Mir Expedition EO-12. Russian astronauts Solovyov and Avdeev and French astronaut Tognini were inserted into an initial 190 x 200 km orbit inclined 51.6 deg. Later on July 27 they maneuvered to a 223 x 343 km orbit, and on July 28 docked with Mir in its 405 x 410 km orbit. Aleksandr Solovyov and Sergey Avdeev undocked from the Mir complex aboard Soyuz TM-15 on February 1 and landed the same day in Kazakhstan after six months in space at 03:58 GMT. Soyuz TM-15's flight was an in-orbit record for a Soyuz spaceship - 188 days 21 h 39 m. References: 1 , 2 , 6 , 51 .

Glonass. Testing of components and apparatus of the Glonass global space navigation system being set up to determine the position of civil aircraft and vessels of the merchant marine and fishing fleet. Constellation 3. Put into service on 30 July 1992 and taken out of service on 4 August 1997. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 67 , 274 .

Glonass. Testing of components and apparatus of the Glonass global space navigation system being set up to determine the position of civil aircraft and vessels of the merchant marine and fishing fleet. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 67 , 274 .

Glonass. Testing of components and apparatus of the Glonass global space navigation system being set up to determine the position of civil aircraft and vessels of the merchant marine and fishing fleet. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 67 , 274 .

Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .

Microgravity experiments; deployed from STS-46 8/2/92; retrieved by STS-57; European Retrievable Carrier. EURECA is a European scientific and technology mission, launched by the US Space Transportation System. The spacecraft is scheduled to be retrieved likewise by the US/STS in late spring/early summer 1993. Designator ESA/92/01. Frequency plan: 2053.4583/22 30 MHz, 28 GHz/ 18 GHz (data-relay via Olympus). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Manned seven crew. Deployed Eureca-1; failed to deploy Italian tether probe TSS-1. Payloads: Tethered Satellite System (TSS)-1; European Retrievable Carrier (EURECA)-1L; Evaluation of Oxygen Integration with Materials (EOlM)-lll/ Thermal Energy Management Processes (TEMP)-2A; Consortium for Materials Development In Space Complex Autonomous Payloads (CONCAP)-ll and Ill; IMAX Cargo Bay Camera (ICBC); Limited Duration Space Environment Candidate Materials Exposure (LDCE); Pituitary Growth Hormone Cell Function (PHCF); Ultravio-let Plume Instrument (UVPl). Additional Details: STS-46. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 .

Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system, transmission of television programmes to stations in the Orbita network. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Fanhui Shi Weixing; microgravity experiments; capsule returned 8/25/92. Second stage of a two stage rocket. Aug 9 launch: designation 03. Oct 6 launch: designation 04. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Korean's first satellite achieved via a technology transfer programme with Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. Carried store and forward communications, DSP and Earth observation payloads. Still operational in 2000. Additional Details: Oscar 23. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

An industrial research microsatellite built by Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd (SSTL) for Matra and CNES to carry out 'Little LEO' communications service experiments. Still operational in 2000. S80/T was designed to investigate the technical feasibility of using a constellation of small satellites placed in near-Earth orbit to provide global communications and position location using only hand-held terminals. S80/T was the first fully commercial application of the SSTL multi-mission, modular microsatellite platform developed at the University of Surrey. The same basic platform was also used for the Korean KITSAT-A microsatellite, which accompanied S80/T into orbit on the same launch. The S80/T mission was completed, from concept to launch, within one year and SSTL delivered the platform, associated groundstation equipment and would be providing operations support during the mission within a contract of less than �1M. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Ocean sensing, mapping. Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Stationed at 160 deg E. Commercial communications. Longitude 160 +/- 0.05 deg E. Launched fromn China. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Unmanned resupply vessel to Mir. Progress M-38 was specially modified to carry the first VDU (Vynosnaya Dvigatel'naya Ustanovka, External Engine Unit) propulsion unit. The VDU was mounted externally on a special structure between the cargo module and the service module, replacing the OKD fuel section present on normal Progress vehicles. The crew spacewalked to extract the VDU from Progress and place it on the end of the Sofora boom extending from the Kvant module. The VDU was used to provide attitude control capability for the Mir station. Docked with Mir on 18 Aug 1992 00:20:48 GMT. Undocked on 21 Oct 1992 16:46:01 GMT. Destroyed in reentry on 21 Oct 1992 23:12:00 GMT. Total free-flight time 2.35 days. Total docked time 64.68 days. References: 1 , 2 , 6 , 275 .

Deployed from Resurs F16; examined how upper atmosphere affects spacecraft reentries. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .

Deployed from Resurs F16; examined how upper atmosphere affects spacecraft reentries. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .

Carried US Dept. of Defense experiment. Investigation of the natural resources of the Earth in the interests of the various branches of the national economy and solution of problems relating to the environment and to international cooperation (the satellite's equipment included two Pion passive satellites for the investigation of the upper atmosphere). References: 1 , 2 , 6 .

Stationed at 135 deg W. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

GFO was a follow-on to the GEOSAT program. GFO was to provide real-time ocean topography data. The GFO contract was awarded in September 1992 and is worth $46M for the first satellite and $115M if options for two additional spacecraft are exercised.

Began installation of VDU thruster pod on Sofora tower. References: 66 .

Continued installation of VDU thruster pod on Sofora tower. References: 66 .

Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Microgravity experiments.

Geosynchronous ballistic missile early warning satellite. Stationed at 24 deg W. Investigation of outer space and of processes occurring in the Earth's atmosphere. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 67 , 107 , 274 .

Stationed at 30 deg W. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Stationed at 131 deg W. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Completed installation of VDU thruster pod on Sofora tower. References: 66 .

Manned seven crew. Carried Spacelab-J with microgravity and biology experiments. Payloads: Spacelab-J, nine getaway special canister experiments, Israel Space Agency Investigation About Hornets (ISAIAH), Shuttle Amateur Radio Experiment (SAREX) II, Solid Surface Combus-tion Experiment (SSCE). Additional Details: STS-47. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 7 .

Installed Kurs docking system antenna on Kristall module. References: 66 .

High resolution photo reconnaissance; returned film in two small SpK capsules during the mission and with the main capsule at completion of the mission. References: 1 , 2 , 6 , 179 .

Planned Mars orbiter; lost contact during orbit insertion burn. Solar Orbit (Heliocentric). Spacecraft engaged in research and exploration of the upper atmosphere or outer space (US Cat B). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .