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Article Number: 17F13. Code Name: Gonets. Class: Communications. Type: Military Store-dump. Nation: USSR. Manufacturer: NPO PM + NII TP. Store-dump military communications satellite, said to have initially been developed for the GRU. The Strela-3 was heavier and more capable than the Strela-1M, with six launched per Kosmos 3M booster instead of eight. An operational constellation consisted of twelve spacecraft in two orbital planes. Flight trials began in 1985 and the system was accepted into military service in 1990. By 1992 Strela-3 replaced the Strela-1M and after 1994 the Strela-2M in the strategic communicatons role. Six Strelas are put into medium earth orbits with each launch. A total of 118 reached orbit from 1985 to 1998. A commercial version was marketed as the Gonets-D1 in the 1990's. These satellites had a single simultaneous earth-space and space-earth channel. On-board storage was 12 Mbits of data, with a transmission rate of 2.4 kbit/sec.
SpecificationTotal Mass: 230 kg.
Strela-3 Chronology
15 January 1985
Cosmos 1619 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,379 km. Apogee: 1,412 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg. Mass model of Strela-3.
10 October 1985
Cosmos 1694 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,395 km. Apogee: 1,415 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg. Mass model of Strela-3.
15 October 1986
Strela-3 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. FAILURE: Failure.
13 March 1987
Cosmos 1830 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,404 km. Apogee: 1,409 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
08 September 1987
Cosmos 1875 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,383 km. Apogee: 1,407 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg. Military store-dump communications satellite. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket.
15 January 1988
Cosmos 1911 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,396 km. Apogee: 1,410 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
10 February 1989
Cosmos 1995 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,410 km. Apogee: 1,414 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
14 September 1989
Cosmos 2043 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,405 km. Apogee: 1,408 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
08 August 1990
Cosmos 2093 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,396 km. Apogee: 1,412 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
22 December 1990
Cosmos 2118 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,388 km. Apogee: 1,408 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
17 May 1991
Cosmos 2146 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,391 km. Apogee: 1,413 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
28 September 1991
Cosmos 2158 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,401 km. Apogee: 1,407 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
12 November 1991
Cosmos 2170 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,409 km. Apogee: 1,411 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
13 July 1992
Cosmos 2200 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,403 km. Apogee: 1,412 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
20 October 1992
Cosmos 2211 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,397 km. Apogee: 1,411 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket.
11 May 1993
Cosmos 2245 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,395 km. Apogee: 1,414 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg. Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket.
24 June 1993
Cosmos 2257 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,406 km. Apogee: 1,417 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
12 February 1994
Cosmos 2271 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,420 km. Apogee: 1,441 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
26 December 1994
Cosmos 2301 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 220 kg. Perigee: 1,414 km. Apogee: 1,415 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
19 February 1996
Cosmos 2329 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Mass: 225 kg. Perigee: 1,411 km. Apogee: 1,421 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
14 February 1997
Cosmos 2339 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Perigee: 1,412 km. Apogee: 1,415 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
15 June 1998
Cosmos 2353 Program: Strela. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 3. Perigee: 1,301 km. Apogee: 1,869 km. Inclination: 82.6 deg.
Bibliography:- 105 - Novosti Kosmonavtiki, "Rossiya. Zapushcheni 3 KA 'Gonets' i KA 'Kosmos-2337, 2338, 2339'", 1997, Issue 4, page 54.
- 102 - Voevodin, Sergey A, VSA072 - Space Apparatus, "Sergey A. Voevodin's Reports", . HTML when accessed: http://www.mcs.net/~rusaerog/sergeyv/VSA.html
- 445 - Melnik, T G, Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Siliy, Nauka, Moscow, 1997..
- 450 - Frolov, I, Kosmodrom, "Kratkiy istoricheskiy obzor sovietskikh (rossiyskikh) voennikh sredstv", No. 8, 1999, p. 21..
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Last update 12 March 2001.
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