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Article Number: 11F627. Manufacturer's Designation: Tsiklon-B. Class: Navigation. Nation: USSR. Manufacturer: NPO PM. Military navigation satellite, operational successor to Tsiklon, also designated Tsiklon-B. Flight trials began in 1974 and the system was accepted into military service in 1976. Tsiklon was designed by Reshetnev; the navigation and control system was by NII Radiopribor (Ivanov, Chief Designer, L I Gusev, Director); with communications systems by MNIIRS MPSS (Nesvist). The Kosmos-3M launch vehicle was used. Experimental flights began in 1967 in order to develop a system meeting the required tactical and operational characteristics. Development was protracted due to the difficulty in software development in achieving acceptable positional accuracy levels. The Tsiklon-B operational system provided navigation information and store-dump radio communications for Soviet naval forces and ballistic missile submarines. Flight tests of the Parus operational satellite did not begin until 1974 and the system was finally accepted into military service in 1976.
Parus used the basic KAUR-1 bus, consisting of a 2.035 m diameter cylindrical spacecraft body, with solar cells and radiators of the thermostatic temperature regulating system mounted on the exterior. Orientation was by a single-axis magneto-gravitational (gravity gradient boom) passive system. The hermetically sealed compartment had the equipment mounted in cruciform bays, with the chemical batteries protecting the radio and guidance equipment mounted at the centre.
Specification
Parus Chronology
26 December 1974
Cosmos 700 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 956 km. Apogee: 993 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
11 April 1975
Cosmos 726 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 951 km. Apogee: 988 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
14 August 1975
Cosmos 755 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 964 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
04 November 1975
Cosmos 778 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 966 km. Apogee: 999 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
20 January 1976
Cosmos 789 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 964 km. Apogee: 1,011 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
29 October 1976
Cosmos 864 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 957 km. Apogee: 1,002 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
28 December 1976
Cosmos 887 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 945 km. Apogee: 1,009 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
21 February 1977
Cosmos 894 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 961 km. Apogee: 1,008 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
13 July 1977
Cosmos 928 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 946 km. Apogee: 1,004 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
13 September 1977
Cosmos 951 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 959 km. Apogee: 1,009 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
23 December 1977
Cosmos 971 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 972 km. Apogee: 1,002 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
17 January 1978
Cosmos 985 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 937 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
28 February 1978
Cosmos 991 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 949 km. Apogee: 1,003 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
28 March 1978
Cosmos 996 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 947 km. Apogee: 1,004 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
23 May 1978
Cosmos 1011 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 954 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
20 December 1978
Cosmos 1064 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 1,025 kg. Perigee: 333 km. Apogee: 467 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Probable failure. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.
16 January 1979
Cosmos 1072 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 957 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
21 March 1979
Cosmos 1089 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 963 km. Apogee: 997 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
07 April 1979
Cosmos 1091 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
31 May 1979
Cosmos 1104 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 954 km. Apogee: 1,003 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
16 October 1979
Cosmos 1141 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 952 km. Apogee: 996 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
14 January 1980
Cosmos 1150 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 962 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
25 January 1980
Cosmos 1153 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 959 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
20 May 1980
Cosmos 1181 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 967 km. Apogee: 1,002 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
05 December 1980
Cosmos 1225 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 942 km. Apogee: 1,023 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
12 February 1981
Cosmos 1244 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,004 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1104.
04 June 1981
Cosmos 1275 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 953 km. Apogee: 1,004 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1141.
12 August 1981
Cosmos 1295 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 700 kg. Perigee: 944 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1181.
18 September 1981
Cosmos 1308 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 700 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,001 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1275.
14 January 1982
Cosmos 1333 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 962 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1150.
24 March 1982
Cosmos 1344 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 964 km. Apogee: 1,005 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1244.
08 April 1982
Cosmos 1349 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 963 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1153.
18 June 1982
Cosmos 1380 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 137 km. Apogee: 721 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Replaced Cosmos 1225. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.
07 July 1982
Cosmos 1386 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 946 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1225.
19 October 1982
Cosmos 1417 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 953 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1308.
12 January 1983
Cosmos 1428 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 950 km. Apogee: 999 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1333.
30 March 1983
Cosmos 1448 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 955 km. Apogee: 1,000 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1344.
06 May 1983
Cosmos 1459 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 940 km. Apogee: 1,011 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1349.
24 May 1983
Cosmos 1464 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 961 km. Apogee: 1,004 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1295.
08 December 1983
Cosmos 1513 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 955 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1417.
11 January 1984
Cosmos 1531 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 978 km. Apogee: 1,004 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1386.
02 February 1984
Cosmos 1535 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 951 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1428.
11 May 1984
Cosmos 1550 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 971 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Csmos 1535.
27 June 1984
Cosmos 1577 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 953 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1464.
13 September 1984
Cosmos 1598 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 965 km. Apogee: 1,011 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1550.
11 October 1984
Cosmos 1605 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 947 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1459.
15 November 1984
Cosmos 1610 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 961 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1531.
01 February 1985
Cosmos 1627 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 953 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1448.
14 March 1985
Cosmos 1634 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 954 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1513.
23 October 1985
Parus Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. FAILURE: Launch vehicle failed to orbit - unknown cause.
28 November 1985
Cosmos 1704 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 959 km. Apogee: 1,005 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1598.
19 December 1985
Cosmos 1709 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 956 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1610.
16 January 1986
Cosmos 1725 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 965 km. Apogee: 1,000 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1577.
23 May 1986
Cosmos 1745 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 959 km. Apogee: 1,008 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1627.
19 June 1986
Cosmos 1759 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 963 km. Apogee: 999 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1634.
25 November 1986
Cosmos 1802 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,020 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1605.
17 December 1986
Cosmos 1808 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 967 km. Apogee: 1,016 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1704, Cosmos 1598.
18 February 1987
Cosmos 1821 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
07 July 1987
Cosmos 1864 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 951 km. Apogee: 999 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
14 October 1987
Cosmos 1891 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 948 km. Apogee: 1,023 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
23 December 1987
Cosmos 1904 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 964 km. Apogee: 1,003 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
22 March 1988
Cosmos 1934 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 700 kg. Perigee: 945 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
19 July 1988
Cosmos 1959 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 700 kg. Perigee: 951 km. Apogee: 1,003 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
22 February 1989
Cosmos 2004 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 968 km. Apogee: 1,015 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
04 April 1989
Cosmos 2016 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 951 km. Apogee: 1,011 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
07 June 1989
Cosmos 2026 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 947 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
25 July 1989
Cosmos 2034 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 962 km. Apogee: 1,011 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
20 March 1990
Cosmos 2061 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 967 km. Apogee: 1,015 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
20 April 1990
Cosmos 2074 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 962 km. Apogee: 1,002 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation.
14 September 1990
Cosmos 2100 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 957 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
26 February 1991
Cosmos 2135 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 921 km. Apogee: 1,016 km. Inclination: 82.8 deg. Military navigation satellite.
14 April 1991
Cosmos 2142 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,017 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 5 of constellation. Signals at 150.03 and 400.07 MHz.
22 August 1991
Cosmos 2154 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 967 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
27 November 1991
Cosmos 2173 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 943 km. Apogee: 1,015 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 4 of constellation.
18 February 1992
Cosmos 2180 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 6 of constellation.
15 April 1992
Cosmos 2184 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 962 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation.
02 July 1992
Cosmos 2195 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 954 km. Apogee: 1,008 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
29 October 1992
Cosmos 2218 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 964 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 3 of constellation.
09 February 1993
Cosmos 2233 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 949 km. Apogee: 1,008 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 5 of constellation.
01 April 1993
Cosmos 2239 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 963 km. Apogee: 995 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 4 of constellation.
02 November 1993
Cosmos 2266 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 945 km. Apogee: 1,017 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation. Signals at 149.97 and 399.92 MHz.
26 April 1994
Cosmos 2279 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 956 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 6 of constellation.
22 March 1995
Cosmos 2310 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 980 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation.
06 October 1995
Cosmos 2321 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 256 km. Apogee: 754 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Second stage anomaly; failed to reach desired orbit; military navigation.
16 January 1996
Cosmos 2327 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 949 km. Apogee: 1,023 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation.
05 September 1996
Cosmos 2334 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 966 km. Apogee: 1,011 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 1 of constellation. Signals at 150.03 MHz and 400.08 MHz.
20 December 1996
Cosmos 2336 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 979 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 4 of constellation. Signals at 149.97 and 399.92 MHz.
17 April 1997
Cosmos 2341 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 977 km. Apogee: 1,014 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 2 of constellation. Signals at 149.91 and 399.76 MHz.
23 September 1997
Cosmos 2346 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 937 km. Apogee: 997 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
24 December 1998
Cosmos 2361 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Perigee: 969 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. A Parus navigation satellite in the same orbital plane as Cosmos 2233.
26 August 1999
Cosmos 2366 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Perigee: 960 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg.
Bibliography:- 4 - McDowell, Jonathan, Jonathan's Space Report (Internet Newsletter), Harvard University, Weekly, 1989 to Present. HTML when accessed: ftp://sao-ftp.harvard.edu/pub/jcm/space/news
- 6 - JPL Mission and Spacecraft Library, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1997. HTML when accessed: http://msl.jpl.nasa.gov/home.html
- 102 - Voevodin, Sergey A, VSA072 - Space Apparatus, "Sergey A. Voevodin's Reports", . HTML when accessed: http://www.mcs.net/~rusaerog/sergeyv/VSA.html
- 107 - Novosti Kosmonavtiki, "Rossiya. V polyote 'Kosmos-2345'", 1997, Issue 17, page 31.
- 449 - Golotyuk, S, Novosti kosmonavtiki, "Sputnikostroiteli s beregov Yeniseya", No. 10, 1999, p. 64.
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Last update 12 March 2001.
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