Lift 623.5 lb for 4 sec; weight oxygen 25.5 lb; weight gasoline 13.5 lb; jet velocity greater than 4340 ft/sec. Average interval between K-series tests was 8 days. References: 482 .

Composition, cosmic radiation research. Launched at 0009 local time. Reached 137.3 km.

Council of Soviet Ministers (SM) Decree 292-181 'On New Range for the USSR Ministry of Defence-establishment of NIIP-5 at Tyura-Tam' was issued. References: 474 .

Launched Venera 1 from low Earth orbit. References: 2 , 5 , 6 .

Venera 1 was the first spacecraft to fly by Venus. It was launched first into a 229 x 282 km parking orbit, then boosted toward Venus by the restartable Molniya upper stage. On 19 February, 7 days after launch, at a distance of about two million km from Earth, contact with the spacecraft was lost. On May 19 and 20, 1961, Venera 1 passed within 100,000 km of Venus and entered a heliocentric orbit. This failure resulted in only the following objectives being met: checking of methods of setting space objects on an interplanetary course; checking of extra-long-range communications with and control of the space station; more accurate calculation of the dimension of the solar system; a number of physical investigations in space. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 64 , 296 .

NASA selected the Marion Power Shovel Company to design and build the crawler-transport, a device to haul the Apollo space vehicle (Saturn V, complete with spacecraft and associated launch equipment) from the Vertical Assembly Building to the Merritt Island, Fla., launch pad, a distance of about 5.6 kilometers (3.5 miles). The crawler would be 39.6 meters (130 feet) long, 35 meters (115 feet) wide, and 6 meters (20 feet) high, and would weight 2.5 million kilograms (5.5 million pounds). NASA planned to buy two crawlers at a cost of $4 to 5 million each. Formal negotiations began on February 20 and the contract was signed on March 29. References: 16 .

High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .

Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .

The government decree 132-51 authorising development of the Energia-Buran system was titled 'On development of an MKS (reusable space system) consisting of rocket stages, orbiter aircraft, inter-orbital tug, guidance systems, launch and landing facilities, assembly and repair facilities, and other associated facilities, with the objective of placing in a 200 km Northeast orbit a payload of 30 tonnes and returning a payload of 20 tonnes'. The Ministry of Defence was named the Program Manager, with NPO Energia as the prime contractor. The official military specification (TTZ) was issued at the same time with the code name Buran.

ASAT target. Beginning of test of 'second generation' ASAT interceptor. Objective was to complete test series by 1978 ABM treaty date. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 272 .

Test mission of Okean satellite without the radar. Development of methods for obtaining operational information on the Pacific Ocean. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Left in parking orbit. Decay date suspect Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. Was intended to cover Oko constellation plane 9 - 241 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 64 , 65 , 100 .

Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1104. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Stationed at 117 deg E. BS-2b (Yuri-2b). Domestic satellite broadcasting; development of broadcasting satellite technology. Launching organization NASDA. N launch vehicle flight no 14. Launch time 0755 GMT. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .

Six satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. The space objects served the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 105 .

Geosynchronous communications satellite for the ACES consortium (PSN of Indonesia, PLDT of the Phillipines, Lockheed Martin, and Jasmine of Thailand). The satellite had two large 12-m diameter L-band antennae for cellular telephone relay. Stationed at 123 deg E.