| astronautix.com | June 16 |
1915 - Nation: USA.
1940 - Nation: China.
1949 - Nation: USA.
NACA flight 27. Spanwise pressure distribution, stability and control. Rolls and pull-ups around mach 0.91. References: 49 , 97 .
1951 - Nation: France.
1954 - Nation: USA.
1958 - Nation: USA. Launch Vehicle: Titan 2.
Phase I development contract for Dyna-Soar boost-glide orbital spacecraft awarded by USAF to two teams of contractors headed by Martin Co. (Bell, American Machine & Foundry, Bendix, Goodyear, and Minneapolis-Honeywell) and the Boeing Co. (Aerojet, General Electric, Ramo-Wooldridge, North American, and Chance Vought). References: 17 .
1958 - Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg .
Formal establishment of the Navy's Pacific Missile Range (with its headquarters at Point Mugu and its major launch head at Point Arguello). References: 88 .
1959 - Nation: USA. Launch Vehicle: Thor. LV Configuration: Thor 191. FAILURE: Autopilot error.
1961 - Nation: USA.
The Fleming Committee, which had been appointed on May 2, submitted its report to NASA associate Administrator Robert C. Seamans, Jr., on the feasibility of a manned lunar landing program. The Committee concluded that the lunar mission could be accomplished within the decade. Chief pacing items were the first stage of the launch vehicle and the facilities for testing and launching the booster. It also concluded that information on solar flare radiation and lunar surface characteristics should be obtained as soon as possible, since these factors would influence spacecraft design. Special mention was made of the need for a strong management organization. References: 16 .
1961 - - 23:02 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg . Launch Complex: LC75-1-1. Launch Vehicle: Thor Agena B. LV Configuration: Thor s/n 303 / Agena B s/n 1107.
KH-2; film capsule recovered 2.1 days later. Capsule recovered from water on orbit 32. Streaks throughout film. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1963 - - 01:49 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg . Launch Complex: LC-D. Launch Vehicle: Scout X-3. LV Configuration: Scout X-3 s/n S120.
1963 - - 09:30 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Complex: LC1. Launch Vehicle: Vostok 8K72K.
Joint flight with Vostok 5. First woman in space, and the only Russian woman to go into space until Svetlana Savitskaya 19 years later. On its first orbit, Vostok 6 came within about five km of Vostok 5, the closest distance achieved during the flight, and established radio contact. Flight objectives included: Comparative analysis of the effect of various space-flight factors on the male and female organisms; medico-biological research; further elaboration and improvement of spaceship systems under conditions of joint flight. It was Korolev's idea just after Gagarin's flight to put a woman into space as yet another novelty. Khrushchev made the final crew selection. Korolev was unhappy with Tereshkova's performance in orbit and she was not permitted to take manual control of the spacecraft as had been planned. Recovered June 19, 1963 8:20 GMT. Landed 53:16 N 80:27 E. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 16 , 32 , 33 , 60 , 175 .
1965 - Nation: USA. Launch Site: Edwards . Launch Vehicle: X-15A. LV Configuration: X-15 No. 3 Flight 43.
Maximum Speed - 5477 kph. Maximum Altitude - 74585 m. References: 38 , 49 , 97 .
1966 - - 14:00 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Cape Canaveral . Launch Complex: LC41. Launch Vehicle: Titan 3C. LV Configuration: Titan 3C s/n 3C-11.
Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
Gravity gradient stabilization tests. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1967 - - 04:44 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Kapustin Yar . Launch Complex: LC86/1. Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K63.
Solar radiation data. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 99 .
1967 - - 21:35 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg . Launch Complex: SLC1W. Launch Vehicle: LT Thor Agena D. LV Configuration: Thor 2L s/n 509 / Agena D SS-01B s/n 1633.
Radar monitoring. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 172 .
KH-4A. Small out-of-focus area in forward camera of 1042-1. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1970 - Nation: USSR. Launch Vehicle: Proton 8K82K.
Decree 437-160 'On creation of the TKS and termination of the 7K-TK' was issued. In 1969 Chelomei proposed replacement of the 11F72 Soyuz 7K-TK with his own transport-supply spacecraft 11F72 (transportnovo korablya snabzheniya - TKS). This would consist of the same 11F74 VA landing capsule used on the Almaz station, together with a new 11F77 functional-cargo block (funktsionalno-gruzovovo blok, FGB). This would transport three crew and sufficient supplies for 90 day operation of the Almaz. References: 474 .
1976 - - 13:12 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.
High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; maneuverable. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .
1977 - - 01:58 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Complex: LC43/4. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M.
Covered Oko constellation plane 9 - 245 degree longitude of ascending node. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 100 .
1977 - - 10:51 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Cape Canaveral . Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 2914. LV Configuration: Delta 2914 s/n 616 / Delta s/n 131.
Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1978 - - 10:49 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Cape Canaveral . Launch Complex: LC17B. Launch Vehicle: Delta 2914. LV Configuration: Delta 2914 s/n 625 / Delta s/n 142.
Spacecraft engaged in practical applications and uses of space technology such as weather or communication (US Cat C). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1981 - - 07:00 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Complex: LC43/3. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U.
Investigation of the natural resources of the earth in the interests of various branches of the national economy of the USSR and international cooperation. References: 1 , 2 , 6 , 103 .
1983 - - 11:59 GMT. Nation: Europe. Launch Site: Kourou . Launch Complex: ELA1. Launch Vehicle: Ariane 1. LV Configuration: Ariane 1 s/n L6.
Designator ESA/83/4. Launch time 1159 GMT. Launch agency ESA. Geostationary position 10+/- 0.1 deg E. EUTELSAT 1 is a regional geostationary telecommunication Satellite for European countries. It is operated by the EUTELSAT organization. Frequency plan: 1 36-138 MHz (S-E). 148-149.9 MHz (E-S). 10.7-11.7 GHz (S-E). 14-14.5 GHz (E-S). Positions: Document References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
AMSAT Oscar 10, registration no D-R 001. Scientific and communication satellite for the amateur radio service. Frequency plan: Transponder U: 435.1 MHz (uplink), 145.9 MHz (downlink), Bandwidth +/- 75 kHz. Transponder L: 1269.45 MHz (uplink), 436.55 MHz ( downlink), bandwidth +/- 400 kHz. Two beacons adjacent to passband. Launch vehicle Ariane L6. First amateur satellite with onboard propulsion (which did not function entirely correctly, due to collision with launch vehicle after separation - hence the not-quite-Molniya-orbit). Computer control failed December 1986 due to radiation damage to memory. As a result, ground control stations have no control over the spacecraft. However, when the orientation is favourable (with respect to the Earth and Sun), OSCAR 10 continues to provide good Mode B service. If users coorperate, OSCAR 10 may provide many more years of service. Project Management: AMSAT-NA (Jan King, W3GEY) and AMSAT-DL (Karl Meinzer, DJ4ZC). Spacecraft sub-systems: Contributed by groups in Canada, Hungary, Japan, United States and West Germany. Spacecraft: Spin Stabilised with Magnetorquers: Power: 50 W solar array, 2 NiCd batteries. Payload: Transponders/Beacons: Mode B: Type: Linear, inverting, 50W; General Beacon: 145.809 MHz (Carrier); Engineering Beacon: 145.987 MHz; Uplink: 435.030-435.180 MHz; Downlink: 145.975-145.825 MHz. Mode L (no longer operational): Type: Linear, inverting, 50W: Beacons: 436.020, 436.040 MHz; Uplink 1269.450 MHz (800 kHz); Downlink 436.550 MHz. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1987 - Nation: USSR.
Continued solar array installation. References: 66 .
1987 - - 19:12 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M s/n 65026-184.
Eight satellites launched by a single carrier rocket. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1988 - - 07:12 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg . Launch Complex: SLC5. Launch Vehicle: Scout G. LV Configuration: Scout G-1 s/n S213C.
Improved Transit. Pulsed plasma thruster References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1989 - - 09:36 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U.
Military cartographic satellite; returned film capsule. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1993 - - 04:19 GMT. Nation: Russia. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M s/n 47135-601.