| astronautix.com | April 18 |
1929 - Nation: USA.
1951 - Nation: USA. Launch Site: Holloman . Launch Vehicle: Aerobee. LV Configuration: RTV-A-1.
Biological research. Launched at 1139 local time. Reached 61.2 km. The first Aerobee research rocket containing a biomedical experiment (monkey - name unknown).
1953 - Nation: Russia. Launch Vehicle: R-11.
Massive problems were encountered in the difficult test series - with poor-quality kerosene fuel, handling and leakage of the propellants, and reliable start of the engine. But the Red Army saw much more promise in the design than in Korolev's cumbersome liquid oxygen rockets.
1953 - Nation: USSR.
Ministry of Armed Forces Decree 'On formation of UZKA of GAU' was issued. References: 474 .
1960 - Nation: USA. Launch Site: Wallops Island . Launch Vehicle: Scout X-1. LV Configuration: Scout X. FAILURE: Vehicle broke up after first-stage burnout.
Scout test vehicle, with live first and third stages. Suborbital. References: 5 , 126 .
1962 - Nation: USA. Launch Site: Cape Canaveral . Launch Vehicle: Jupiter. LV Configuration: Jupiter s/n CM-116.
Combat Training Launch fired from AMR at 1317 hours and 54.1 seconds EST to a predicted impact point of 1,514 nm from the firing site. All functions of the flight were normal up to 153 seconds, at which time fuel depletion was reached and normal guidance cut-off was not achieved. The missile impacted approximately 230 miles short of the intended target. All missions assigned to the NATO training launch crew were accomplished. References: 439 .
1962 - - 00:54 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg . Launch Complex: LC75-3-5. Launch Vehicle: Thor Agena B. LV Configuration: Thor s/n 331 / Agena B s/n 1124.
KH-4. Best mission to date. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1963 - Nation: USA. Launch Site: Edwards . Launch Vehicle: X-15A. LV Configuration: X-15 No. 3 Flight 15.
Nose landing gear failed. Maximum Speed - 6066 kph. Maximum Altitude - 28190 m. References: 38 , 49 , 97 .
1966 - Nation: USA.
ASPO Manager Joseph F. Shea and members of his organization were invited to attend the formal presentation by the Aeronutronic Division of Philco Corp. on a "Study of Lunar Worm Planetary Roving Vehicle Concept," at LaRC on May 3. The exploratory study to determine the feasibility of a bellows-concept mobile vehicle included a mobility and traction analysis for several kinds of bellows motion and several soil surfaces; analysis of both metallic and nonmetallic construction to provide the bellows structure; brief design studies of the concept as applied to a small unmanned vehicle, a supply vehicle, a small lunar shelter, a large lunar shelter; and an overall evaluation of the suitability of the concept for carrying out various missions as compared with other vehicles. References: 16 .
1966 - Nation: USA.
Spacecraft 007 and 011 were delivered to NASA by North American Aviation. Spacecraft 007 was delivered to Houston to be used for water impact and flotation tests in the Gulf of Mexico and in an environmental tank at Ellington AFB. It contained all recovery systems required during actual flight and the total configuration was that of a flight CM.
The CM of spacecraft 011 was similar to those in which astronauts would ride in later flights and the SM contained support systems including environmental control and fuel cell systems and the main service propulsion system. Spacecraft 011 was scheduled to be launched during the third quarter of 1966. References: 16 .
1968 - - 10:33 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.
High resolution photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule References: 1 , 2 , 6 .
1975 - Nation: USA.
Maximum Speed - 1279 kph. Maximum Altitude - 17650 m. Flight Time - 450 sec. References: 49 , 97 .
1975 - - 10:04 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Voskhod 11A57.
Area survey photo reconnaissance satellite; returned film capsule; separated science capsule. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .
1975 - - 16:48 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg . Launch Complex: SLC4W. Launch Vehicle: Titan 3B. LV Configuration: Titan 24B s/n 3B-48 (24B-14) / Agena D.
KH-8 type satellite. Space craft engaged in investigation of spaceflight techniques and technology (US Cat A). References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1979 - Nation: USA.
Complete left-hand OMS/RCS Phase I qualification, WSTF May 1 Enterprise (OV-101)/ ET/SRBs mated on mobile launcher platform, References: 15 .
1979 - - 12:00 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Complex: LC90. Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 2.
Ocean monitoring. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1980 - - 00:51 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Complex: LC90. Launch Vehicle: Tsyklon 2.
ASAT interceptor. First test of ASAT after extended storage. Missed Cosmos 1171 target by a large distance; over the two following days two more attempts were made with the backup engine, but all failed. On 20 April the satellite was ordered to self-destruct in orbit, ending the longest ASAT interceptor mission. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 272 .
1980 - - 17:31 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Complex: LC41/1. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. FAILURE: Fourth stage failure.
Probable failed early warning. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 , 64 , 65 .
1986 - - 17:45 GMT. Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg . Launch Complex: SLC4E. Launch Vehicle: Titan 34D. LV Configuration: Titan 34D s/n 34D-9 (04D-2). FAILURE: Failure.
KH-9 type satellite. References: 5 .
1986 - - 19:59 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Complex: LC41/1. Launch Vehicle: Molniya 8K78M. LV Configuration: Molniya 8K78M / ML.
Replaced Molniya 3-23. Operation of the long-range telephone and telegraph radio communications system in the USSR; transmission of USSR Central Television programmes to stations in the Orbita network and within the framework of international cooperation. References: 1 , 2 , 5 , 6 .
1986 - - 21:07 GMT. Nation: USSR. Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. LV Configuration: Kosmos 11K65M s/n 53726-198.
Replaced Cosmos 1503. References: 1 , 2 , 6 .
1991 - Nation: USA. Launch Site: Vandenberg .
Second and final launch of the Small ICBM missile (first launch on 11 May 1989). References: 88 .
1991 - - 23:30 GMT. Nation: Japan. Launch Site: Cape Canaveral . Launch Complex: LC36B. Launch Vehicle: Atlas I. LV Configuration: Atlas I s/n AC-70. FAILURE: RL-10 Centaur engine turbopump failed at T+361 seconds; destroyed by range safety.