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, - . ( ) -
(1887-1964)
22 1887 . . . , , , . . 1902 , . . , . ., . .
1907 , 1912 , . , , , . , . , .
1915-17 " " " " ( ).
( ), . . 1920 , , , , , . . , 1922 " ".
1923 , " ", - . ", ", " " " ". 1923 . - - , , . , , . "" ( 1924 " "), .
1924 .. , (., ., ., ., , (., . , ., . .) ( ) (" ", 1933 . " " - 1938 .)
1938 .
1941-45 . -. , "", ( ) .
, , ( "", "" " ").
, . (" "), , ( " ").
. : , , , - . , , , . ., " " " ".
. " ", "-", " ", " ", " " - " ", " - " " ". " ".
, , . , . - ., ., ., ., . . , , .
(1942, 1946, 1949, 1951). ( ) .
4 1964 . - ). .
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