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Other Designations: Spin-2. Article Number: 11F660. Code Name: Kometa/Siluet. Class: Surveillance. Type: Military. Nation: USSR. Manufacturer: TsKB. The Yantar-1KF system was intended to build up high precision maps based on information from the Zenit-4MT. However it became impossible to keep the spacecraft within the weight that the Soyuz-U launch vehicle could lift. It would require a Proton or Zenit vehicle. Therefore the spacecraft was cancelled.
A complete design revision beginning in 1973 led to a production verion of the Yantar photo satellite for topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. The Yantar-1KFT is equipped with the TK-350 topographic camera, which has a focal length of 350 mm, with photo negative size of 300 x 450 mm, covering an area of 200 x 300 km with a resolution of 10 m and a scale of 1:660,000. The camera is designed for exceptional geometric precision for cartographic purposes and each image overlaps the next by 60% to 80% to allow stereoscopic pairs to be made. Closeup images are made by the KVR-1000 camera with a focal length of 1000 mm, a negative size of 180 x 180 mm covering an area of 40 km x 40 km at 1:50,000 scale and 2 m resolution. Western description: Fourth generation topographic. Typical orbital profile: inclination 64.9 degrees with an altitude of 207-270 km. Designed duration: 40 days. First flight: Cosmos 1246. Last flight: Cosmos 2284. Transmission frequencies observed in West: 150.3 PCM-FM; 400.8 CW.
SpecificationTotal Mass: 6,600 kg.
Yantar-1KFT Chronology
26 March 1971
Yantar-1FKT development authorised. Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511. Central Committee of the Communist Party and Council of Soviet Ministers Decree 182-63 'On development of the Yantar-1KFT reconnaissance and cartographic satellite and the 11A511K launcher' was issued.
31 May 1976
Yantar-1KFT development approved. Decree 409-147 'On Creation of Yantar-1KFT Space Complex for Solving Goals of Cartography--development of the Yantar-1KFT reconnaissance satellite' was issued.
18 February 1981
Cosmos 1246 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 193 km. Apogee: 263 km. Inclination: 64.9 deg. Duration: 23.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
28 May 1982
Cosmos 1370 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 195 km. Apogee: 273 km. Inclination: 64.9 deg. Duration: 44.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
22 December 1983
Cosmos 1516 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 194 km. Apogee: 274 km. Inclination: 64.9 deg. Duration: 49.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
14 November 1984
Cosmos 1608 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 195 km. Apogee: 248 km. Inclination: 70.0 deg. Duration: 33.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
08 August 1985
Cosmos 1673 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 195 km. Apogee: 271 km. Inclination: 64.8 deg. Duration: 42.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
06 October 1986
Cosmos 1784 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 190 km. Apogee: 283 km. Inclination: 64.8 deg. Duration: 36.00 days.
 | Yantar multi-return - Yantar bus reconnaissance satellite with multiple re-entry capsules. This is believed to be layout of Orlets-1. Orlets-2 must have a considerably extended bus to accomodate even more capsules. 12,491 bytes. 344 x 268 pixels. |
Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
08 July 1987
Cosmos 1865 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 192 km. Apogee: 297 km. Inclination: 64.8 deg. Duration: 37.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
14 November 1987
Cosmos 1896 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 206 km. Apogee: 263 km. Inclination: 64.8 deg. Duration: 41.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
18 May 1988
Cosmos 1944 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 196 km. Apogee: 288 km. Inclination: 64.8 deg. Duration: 36.00 days. Military topographic / cartographic satellite.
29 December 1988
Cosmos 1986 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 193 km. Apogee: 289 km. Inclination: 64.8 deg. Duration: 44.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff.
24 May 1989
Cosmos 2021 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 204 km. Apogee: 280 km. Inclination: 69.9 deg. Duration: 43.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff.
15 May 1990
Cosmos 2078 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 196 km. Apogee: 280 km. Inclination: 70.0 deg. Duration: 44.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff.
15 February 1991
Cosmos 2134 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 190 km. Apogee: 306 km. Inclination: 64.7 deg. Duration: 45.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff.
17 December 1991
Cosmos 2174 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 193 km. Apogee: 306 km. Inclination: 64.9 deg. Duration: 44.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff.
29 April 1992
Cosmos 2185 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 209 km. Apogee: 274 km. Inclination: 70.0 deg. Duration: 43.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff.
27 April 1993
Cosmos 2243 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 189 km. Apogee: 233 km. Inclination: 70.4 deg. Duration: 9.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Mission normally would have run 44 days.
29 July 1994
Cosmos 2284 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Duration: 44.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Landed September 11 1994.
14 May 1996
Kometa Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. FAILURE: Upper stage failure. Mass: 6,600 kg. Topographic mapping satellite failed to reach orbit.
17 February 1998
Cosmos 2349 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Mass: 6,600 kg. Perigee: 212 km. Apogee: 327 km. Inclination: 70.4 deg. Duration: 44.00 days. Topographic mapping for the Army General Staff. Landed in Kazakhstan April 2 1998.
29 September 2000
Cosmos 2373 Launch Site: Baikonur . Launch Vehicle: Soyuz 11A511U. Twentieth Kometa cartographic satellite, using the Yantar service module with a Vostok-type reentry vehicle. It was announced as a dual civil-military geodetic mission. After a day it raised its orbit to 211 x 285 km x 70.4 deg. Landed in Russia November 14.
Bibliography:- 101 - Novosti Kosmonavtiki, "Neudachniy pusk KA 'Kometa'", 1996, Issue 6, page 32.
- 102 - Voevodin, Sergey A, VSA072 - Space Apparatus, "Sergey A. Voevodin's Reports", . HTML when accessed: http://www.mcs.net/~rusaerog/sergeyv/VSA.html
- 110 - Grahn, Sven, Sven Grahn's Space History Pages, . HTML when accessed: http://www.users.wineasy.se/svengrahn/
- 445 - Melnik, T G, Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Siliy, Nauka, Moscow, 1997..
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Last update 12 March 2001.
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