Saenger 2 Spaceplane Credit: Mark Lindroos. 15,301 bytes. 470 x 179 pixels.

Proposed two stage to orbit vehicle. Air-breathing hypersonic first stage and delta wing second stage. The German Hypersonics Programme and its Saenger II reference vehicle received most of the domestic funding for spaceplane development in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Saenger II comprised a large hypersonic booster aircraft capable of Mach 4 cruise plus a small rocket-powered upper stage (HORUS) that could deliver people and cargo to low Earth orbit. The booster aircraft (to be powered by turboramjets) was designed for maximum commonality with a supersonic passenger transport (with. a cruise range of 11,000km). Development would have been very costly and the programme was cancelled in 1994.

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Saenger 2 Spaceplane Credit: Mark Lindroos. 26,168 bytes. 393 x 361 pixels.

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Liftoff Thrust: 458,870 kgf. Total Mass: 366,000 kg. Core Diameter: 14.0 m. Total Length: 101.0 m. Flyaway Unit Cost $: 28.00 million. in 1985 unit dollars.

• Stage Number: 1. 1 x Sanger II-1 Gross Mass: 254,000 kg. Empty Mass: 156,000 kg. Thrust (vac): 152,957 kgf. Isp: 1,200 sec. Burn time: 6,565 sec. Isp(sl): 3,600 sec. Diameter: 14.0 m. Span: 41.4 m. Length: 84.5 m. Propellants: Air/LH2 No Engines: 6. Co-axial turboramjet

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  Sanger 2 Spaceplane Credit: Mark Lindroos. 8,899 bytes. 527 x 120 pixels.

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• Stage Number: 2. 1 x Sanger II-2 Gross Mass: 112,000 kg. Empty Mass: 32,600 kg. Thrust (vac): 130,524 kgf. Isp: 490 sec. Burn time: 298 sec. Isp(sl): 409 sec. Diameter: 5.5 m. Span: 15.6 m. Length: 27.6 m. Propellants: Lox/LH2 No Engines: 1. ATCRE