Manufacturer Name: RD-108. Government Designation: 8D727. Other Designations: 8D727K, 8D727P. Designer: Glushko. Application: Molniya 1, Molniya 8K78M-1. Used on stages: Molniya 8K78M-1. Used on launch vehicles: Molniya 8K78M. Propellants: Lox/KeroseneThrust(vac): 99,600 kgf. Thrust(vac): 977.00 kN. Isp: 316 sec. Isp (sea level): 251 sec. Burn time: 290 sec. Mass Engine: 1,230 kg. Diameter: 0.7 m. Length: 2.9 m. Chambers: 4. Chamber Pressure: 53.60 bar. Oxidizer to Fuel Ratio: 2.39. Country: Russia. Status: In Production. First Flight: 1964. Last Flight: 1998. Flown: 283. References: 225 . Comments: OKB Glushko. Used on Molniya 8K78L, 8K78M and 11A57 Stage 1. Propellants kerosene (RG-1 or T-1) / Lox. Diameter is per chamber.