In the II quarter of 1995 Siberia's share of industrial output of Russia increased compared to the first quarter. In the first half year Siberia has contributed 24.3% of Russia's total of industrial production; including Western Siberia with 15.9% and Eastern - with 8.4%.
The leading position of the first three regions is due almost entirely to predominance of raw and primary materials sectors (oil extraction in Tumen oblast, coal mining - in Kemerovo oblast, production of non-ferrous metals - in Krasnoyarsk krai). The raw materials sector is strongly oriented to export. It is less wounded by depression than other sectors, and lately some production growth is being observed there.
In spite of the deep economic depression, industrial efficiency in manufacturing ventures of Siberia is on the whole higher than Russia's average . Per capita productivity in the first half-year exceeded average Russian standard in Western Siberia by 65%, in Eastern Siberia by 47%. Tumen oblast exceeded Russia's average 488%, Krasnoyarsk krai - 153%, Irkutsk oblast - 188%, Omsk - 1.41, Kemerovo - 1.29, Tomsk oblast- 1.23-fold. But in Novosibirsk oblast the productivity index fell to 0.71 of Russia's average, in Chita - to 0.6; the lowest productivity was observed in republic of Altai - 0.23 of current Russia standard.
Financial indicators reveal a strengthening of the positions of Siberia in the II quarter of 1995 in relation to Russia's other regions. Siberia's share of the total profit of Russian enterprises increased compared to the I quarter. In the first half year the territory of Siberia was responsible for 24.8% of all profits (13.7% Western Siberia, and 11.1% - Eastern.)
This weighty share of national profits is conditioned not only by the fact that a considerable part of goods and services are produced here, but also by a higher profitability of production. Thus, in Western Siberia in the first half of this year, per capita profit exceeded the Russian standard by 48%, in Eastern Siberia - 44%. In Tumen oblast the figure was 295% of the national average, in Irkutsk - 232%, in Khakasia 193%, in Tomsk oblast 19 %, in Krasnoyarsk krai - 174%, in Omsk oblast - 154%, in Kemerovo - 132%, in Novosibirsk oblast - 107%. Only in two regions -Tuva and Chita - was the index lower than Russian average. However, these figures do not include a great part of Siberia's profits which are registered in Moscow and St. Petersburg where key raw material companies have their branches and headquarters.
As before, Siberian products are largely realized by market agents acting in European Russia. This is also confirmed by ratings of business activity of the leading regions in the Russian market (for example the RELCOM database. For details, see Review of June, 1995).
In the early part of 1995, the priorities of Siberian business activity were distributed as follows:
Comparatively low market activity (as compared to industrial activity) partly explains the fact that personal incomes, even in the most wealthy Siberian territories, go on falling behind the metropolitan standard. Thus, average per capita income in Tumen region in the I quarter of this year made 72% of Moscow standard, in the II quarter - in Kemerovo oblast - 42%, and in Krasnoyarsk krai - 39%.
Moreover, manufacturing industry, where a considerable part of populations of Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk, is employed, is in deep depression. This is why the average per capita income in Siberia surpassed Russian standard only by 13% in the I quarter and by 3% in the II quarter.
Shares in industrial output, %
in Russia in Siberia
Tumen oblast 7.2 29.8
Kemerovo oblast 4.1 17.1
Krasnoyarsk krai 3.7 15.3
Irkutsk oblast 3.5 14.3
Omsk oblast 1.6 6.5
Novosibirsk oblast 1.1 4.7
Shares in balance profit, %
in Russia in Siberia
Krasnoyarsk krai 6.4 25.6
Tumen oblast 5.9 23.8
Irkutsk oblast 4.5 18.2
Omsk oblast 2.6 10.5
Kemerovo oblast 2.3 9.3
Novosibirsk oblast 1.7 7.0
Business Activity Rating,
(by Russia's regions)
I quarter II quarter
Moscow I I
St. Petersburg II II
Urals III III
Volga IV IV
Central V VI
Siberia VI V
(I - highest. VI - lowest)
Business Activity Rating
(by markets)
I quarter II quarter
Machinery and equipment I II
Fuel II IV
Metals III V
Food and spirits IV III
Other consumer goods V I
Vehicles VI VI
Wood-processing products
and construction materials VII VII
Chemistry products VIII VIII
(I - highest. VIII - lowest)
Income standard in ratio with average, %
I quarter II quarter
in Russia in Siberia in Russia in Siberia
Tumen oblast 230.1 202.2 225.7 196.7
Kemerovo oblast 135.7 119.3 130.8 114.
Krasnoyarsk oblast 124.6 109.5 103.6 90.2
Novosibirsk oblast 70. 61.5 56.2 49.
Omsk oblast 64.2 56.5 61.6 53.7
Consumer prices index, %
II quarter
Tumen oblast 123.6
Kemerovo oblast 122.
Krasnoyarsk oblast 129.
Irkutsk oblast 127.8
Novosibirsk oblast 118.8
Omsk oblast 124.9