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Article Number: 11F643. Class: Navigation. Nation: USSR. Manufacturer: NPO PM. Development of this second generation Soviet navigation satellite system represented a collaboration between the Navy, Academy of Sciences, and Ministry of Shipping. The basis was the Parus / Tsiklon-B doppler navigation system, but allowing asynchronous operation of on-board equipment with only essential equipment receiving a timer interrupt. Development began in 1974 with some preliminary work already accomplished. The Tsikada system provided global navigation for both the Soviet Navy and commercial shipping. Prime contractor was KBPM/Reshetnev. PO Polyot, A S Klinyshkov provided synchronisation equipment. NII Radiopribor under N Ye Ivanov provided cryptography and spacecraft navigation systems. Flight trials began in 1976 under Admiral A I Rassokho. The system was accepted into military service in 1979.
SpecificationTotal Mass: 820 kg.
Tsikada Chronology
15 December 1976
Cosmos 883 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 952 km. Apogee: 1,003 km. Inclination: 83.0 deg. Military navigation satellite.
08 July 1977
Cosmos 926 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 966 km. Apogee: 1,015 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
31 March 1978
Cosmos 1000 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 953 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Completion of work on a space navigation system designed to permit determination of the position of Soviet naval and fishing vessels.
12 April 1979
Cosmos 1092 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 957 km. Apogee: 1,002 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
18 March 1980
Cosmos 1168 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 955 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
10 December 1980
Cosmos 1226 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 680 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,007 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
04 September 1981
Cosmos 1304 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 889 km. Apogee: 972 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Replaced Cosmos 926. Investigation of the upper atmosphere and outer space.
18 February 1982
Cosmos 1339 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 946 km. Apogee: 1,012 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1092.
26 October 1983
Cosmos 1506 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 945 km. Apogee: 1,009 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1304.
17 May 1984
Cosmos 1553 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 957 km. Apogee: 1,003 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1383.
30 May 1985
Cosmos 1655 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 973 km. Apogee: 1,011 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1447.
23 January 1986
Cosmos 1727 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 955 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite. Replaced Cosmos 1506.
13 November 1986
Cosmos 1791 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 949 km. Apogee: 1,008 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Replaced Cosmos 1553. Civilian navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 11 of constellation.
29 January 1987
Cosmos 1816 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 958 km. Apogee: 1,008 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Military navigation satellite.
23 June 1987
Cosmos 1861 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 978 km. Apogee: 997 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Location of vessels in the Soviet merchant marine and shipping fleet anywhere at sea; facilitation of amateur radio communication and conduct of experiments for scientific and educational purposes.
05 February 1991
Cosmos 2123 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 810 kg. Perigee: 961 km. Apogee: 1,003 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Civilian navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 13 of constellation. Testing of components and equipment of a space navigation system being set up to determine the position of civil aircraft and ships of the USSR merchant marine and fishing fleet at any point on the oceans and seas.
10 March 1992
Cosmos 2181 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 970 km. Apogee: 1,010 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Civilian navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 11 of constellation. Tsikada type spacecraft. Determination of the position of ships of the merchant marine and fishing fleet in the world's oceans and seas as part of the Tsikada space navigation system.
12 January 1993
Cosmos 2230 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 968 km. Apogee: 1,006 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Civilian navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 11 of constellation. TSIKADA type spacecraft. Determination of the position of ships of the merchant marine and fishing fleet in the world's oceans and seas as part of the Tsikada space navigation system.
24 January 1995
Tsikada Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 962 km. Apogee: 1,023 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Civilian navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 13 of constellation. Maritime navigation. Signals at 150,00 MHz and 400.00 MHz.
05 July 1995
Cosmos 2315 Launch Site: Plesetsk . Launch Vehicle: Kosmos 11K65M. Mass: 825 kg. Perigee: 970 km. Apogee: 1,013 km. Inclination: 82.9 deg. Civilian navigation satellite. Positioned in plane 11 of constellation. Signals at 150,00 MHz and 400.00 MHz.
Bibliography:- 2 - McDowell, Jonathan, The United Nations Registry of Space Objects, Harvard University, 1997. HTML when accessed: http://hea-www.harvard.edu/QEDT/jcm/space/un/un.html
- 6 - JPL Mission and Spacecraft Library, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 1997. HTML when accessed: http://msl.jpl.nasa.gov/home.html
- 102 - Voevodin, Sergey A, VSA072 - Space Apparatus, "Sergey A. Voevodin's Reports", . HTML when accessed: http://www.mcs.net/~rusaerog/sergeyv/VSA.html
- 107 - Novosti Kosmonavtiki, "Rossiya. V polyote 'Kosmos-2345'", 1997, Issue 17, page 31.
- 445 - Melnik, T G, Voenno-Kosmicheskiy Siliy, Nauka, Moscow, 1997..
- 449 - Golotyuk, S, Novosti kosmonavtiki, "Sputnikostroiteli s beregov Yeniseya", No. 10, 1999, p. 64.
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Last update 12 March 2001.
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