Born in New York City; married with four children. Degrees in electrical engineering (BS, New York University, 1951) and business administration (MBA, George Washington University, 1966). Flew P-51's in World War II, but was shot down on 52nd mission and held in German POW camp until the war was over. Graduated from Experimental Test Pilot School at Edwards in 1954. Named as back-up USAF X-15 pilot in 1957 and became prime when Ivan Kincheloe was killed in an air crash in July 1958. He made 16 flights, including 95.9 km astronaut wings flight. After leaving the X-15 program in 1962, he was Chief of Staff, Fourth Allied Tactical Air Force, Europe. Retired from USAF with rank of Major General on Februay 1, 1981. He currently is living in Germany.

• X-15 Flight 12 - - 1960 Apr 13 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 2018 kph. Maximum Altitude - 14630 m.

• X-15 Flight 14 - - 1960 May 6 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 2336 kph. Maximum Altitude - 18574 m.

• X-15 Flight 16 - - 1960 May 19 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 2558 kph. Maximum Altitude - 33222 m.

• X-15 Flight 19 - - 1960 Aug 12 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 2851 kph. Maximum Altitude - 41605 m. Established a new altitude record for a manned vehicle of 136,500 feet. This topped Captain Kincheloe's record altitude of 126,200 feet attained on September 7, 1956, in the X-2 rocket research aircraft.

• X-15 Flight 21 - - 1960 Sep 17 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 3510 kph. Maximum Altitude - 24343 m.

• X-15 Flight 33 - - 1961 Feb 7 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 3660 kph. Maximum Altitude - 23820 m. Last XLR-11 flight.

• X-15 Flight 34 - - 1961 Mar 7 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 4674 kph. Maximum Altitude - 23610 m.

• X-15 Flight 36 - - 1961 Apr 21 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 4946 kph. Maximum Altitude - 32000 m.

• X-15 Flight 38 - - 1961 Jun 23 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 5797 kph. Maximum Altitude - 32830 m. Lost cabin pressure.

• X-15 Flight 43 - - 1961 Oct 11 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Outer panel of left windshield cracked. Maximum Speed - 5868 kph. Maximum Altitude - 66150 m.

• X-15 Flight 45 - - 1961 Nov 9 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Design speed achieved. Outer right windshield shattered. Maximum Speed - 6586 kph. Maximum Altitude - 30950 m.

• X-15 Flight 55 - - 1962 Jun 1 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 5913 kph. Maximum Altitude - 40420 m. Steepest reentry descent with highest angle of attack (27 degrees) to date.

• X-15 Flight 57 - - 1962 Jun 12 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 5659 kph. Maximum Altitude - 56270 m.

• X-15 Flight 58 - - 1962 Jun 21 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 5858 kph. Maximum Altitude - 75190 m.

• X-15 Flight 62 - - 1962 Jul 17 - Assignment: Prime Crew. Flight Time: 0.01 days. Flight details: X-15 Flight 62.

  FAI world altitude record. Maximum Speed - 6166 kph. Maximum Altitude - 95940 m. First astronaut wings flight (USAF definition).

• X-15 Flight 75 - - 1962 Dec 14 - Assignment: Prime Crew.

  Maximum Speed - 6021 kph. Maximum Altitude - 43100 m.